The environment in Odoo is an object that stores various contextual data used by the ORM. This data includes:
- the current user (user)
- the cursor (cr)
- the superuser flag (su)
- the context (context)
1.Predefined functions
env.ref(xml_id, raise_if_not_found=True)
It will return the record corresponding to the xml_id
Example
>>> self.env.ref('base.user_admin')
res.users(2,)
env.user
It will return the current user of the environment. The returned output will be a record from res.users
env.lang
It will return the language code for the current environment. It will be of str type.
env.company
It will return the current company and will be a record of model res.company.
env.companies
Return a record set of the enabled companies by the user.
2.Altering the Environment
with_context([context][, **overrides]) → records
This method creates a new version of this recordset with an additional context.
# current context is {'key1': True}
result1 = records.with_context({}, key2=True)
# result1._context is {'key2': True}
result2 = records.with_context(key2=True)
# result2._context is {'key1': True, 'key2': True}
with_user(user)
Return a new version of this recordset in non-superuser mode connected to the specified, unless the user is the superuser
with_company(company)
Return a new version of this recordset with a modified context, such that:
result.env.company = company
result.env.companies = self.env.companies | company
with_env(env)
Return a new version of this recordset attached to the provided environment.
3.SQL Execution
The cursor for the current database transaction is represented by the cr attribute on environments.
It allows you to run SQL directly instead of using the ORM, which is useful for queries that are difficult to define using the ORM (e.g., complex joins) or for performance reasons:
self.env.cr.execute("some_sql", params)